{"id":362,"date":"2013-06-28T21:59:38","date_gmt":"2013-06-28T13:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zhongjingwen.org\/?p=362"},"modified":"2013-06-28T22:02:04","modified_gmt":"2013-06-28T14:02:04","slug":"%e9%92%9f%e6%95%ac%e6%96%87%e5%b7%ab%e4%b8%8e%e5%8c%bb1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.zhongjingwen.org\/?p=362","title":{"rendered":"[\u949f\u656c\u6587]\u5deb\u4e0e\u533b[1]"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3000\u3000\u3220 \u201c\u533b\u836f\u4e4b\u7956\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fd1\u5e74\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u65b0\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u987e\u9889\u521a\u6c0f\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u53e4\u53f2\u662f\u5c42\u7d2f\u5730\u9020\u6210\u7684\u201d\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u56fd(\u6216\u4e0d\u6b62\u6211\u56fd)\u7684\u53e4\u53f2\u7684\u67d0\u65b9\u9762\u770b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u98a0\u6251\u7684\u201c\u771f\u5b9e\u201d\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u53f2\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u6240\u8c13\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u4e1a\u7ee9\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u7bad\u579b\u4e00\u6837\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u533b\u836f\u4e4b\u7956\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6050\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4f0f\u7fb2\u3001\u795e\u519c\u3001\u9ec4\u5e1d\u4e09\u4f4d\u6240\u8c13\u53e4\u5723\u738b\uff0c\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u6781\u591a\u4ece\u56db\u65b9\u516b\u9762\u7684\u7bad\u7aff\u5c04\u6765\u7684\u7bad\u579b\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6587\u5316\u521b\u9020\u7684\u201c\u5de8\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u4e4b\uff0c\u505a\u4e3a\u201c\u533b\u836f\u4e4b\u7956\u201d\u7684\u6587\u7269\u795e\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5404\u5360\u6709\u5176\u5206\u513f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5173\u4e8e\u4f0f\u7fb2\u4e0e\u533b\u5b66\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0a\u6eaf\u5230\u664b\u7687\u752b\u8c27\u7684\u300a\u5e1d\u738b\u4e16\u7eaa\u300b\u3002\u636e\u4e91\uff0c\u4f0f\u7fb2\u6c0f\u4ef0\u89c2\u4fef\u5bdf\uff0c\u9020\u4e66\u5951\uff0c\u753b\u516b\u5366\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e\u201c\u516d\u6c14\u516d\u8151\uff0c\u4e94\u810f\u4e94\u884c\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u56db\u65f6\uff0c\u6c34\u706b\u5347\u964d\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u6709\u6e58\uff0c\u767e\u75c5\u4e4b\u7406\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u4e43\u5c1d\u5473\u767e\u8349\uff0c\u800c\u5236\u4e5d\u9488\uff0c\u4ee5\u62ef\u592d\u6789\u7109\u3002\u201d[2]\u5b8b\u7f57\u6ccc\u6c0f\u7684\u300a\u8def\u53f2\u300b\u4e5f\u6709\u548c\u8fd9\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8bb0\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u795e\u519c\u7684\u4f5c\u533b\u836f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8457\u89c1\u4e8e\u7687\u752b\u6c0f\u4e66\u4e2d\u3002\u636e\u4e91\uff0c\u4ed6\u201c\u5c1d\u5473\u8349\u6728\uff0c\u5ba3\u836f\u7597\u75be\uff0c\u6551\u592d\u4f24\u4eba\u547d\uff0c\u767e\u59d3\u65e5\u7528\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\uff1a\u8457\u300a\u672c\u8349\u7ecf\u300b\u56db\u5377\u3002\u201d[3]\u540e\u5e72\u5b9d\u6c0f\u7684\u300a\u641c\u795e\u8bb0\u300b\u53ca\u53f8\u9a6c\u8d1e\u6c0f\u7684\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u4e09\u7687\u672c\u7eaa\u8865\u300b\u7b49\u5e76\u8bb0\u6709\u201c\u4ee5\u8d6d\u97ad\u97ad\u8349\u6728\u201d\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7687\u752b\u6c0f\u53c8\u8c13\u9ec4\u5e1d\uff0c\u201c\u547d\u96f7\u516c\u6b67\u4f2f\u8bba\u7ecf\u8109\u508d\u901a\u95ee\u96be\u516b\u5341\u4e00\u4e3a\u300a\u96be\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u6559\u5236\u4e5d\u9488\uff0c\u8457\u300a\u5185\u5916\u672f\u7ecf\u300b\u5341\u516b\u5377\u300b\u3002\u201d[4]\u5927\u7ea6\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u8c13\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u7075\u67a2\u300b\u7b49\u4f2a\u7ecf\u5f88\u6d41\u884c\u4e8e\u540e\u4ee3\u4e4b\u6545\u5427\uff0c\u4e00\u63d0\u5230\u533b\u836f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4fbf\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u60f3\u8d77\u9ec4\u5e1d\u6765\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u8111\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u533b\u836f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4eb2\u5207\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u5728\u795e\u519c\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9664\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e09\u4f4d\u53e4\u5e1d\u738b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u6709\u529b\u5730\u88ab\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u533b\u836f\u4e4b\u7956\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5deb\u5f6d\u3002\u5728\u6218\u56fd\u65f6\uff0c\u5415\u4e0d\u97e6\u95e8\u6c0f\u4e0b\u5bbe\u5ba2\u6240\u7f16\u8457\u7684\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u201c\u5deb\u5f6d\u4f5c\u533b\u201d\u4e4b\u8bed[5]\u3002\u540e\u6765\u8bb8\u614e\u8457\u7684\u300a\u8bf4\u6587\u89e3\u5b57\u300b\u4e5f\u660e\u5199\u7740\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u53e5[6]\u3002\u5deb\u5f6d\u4e4b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u533b\u7956\u662f\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56db\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u672c\u8eab\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u5730\u88ab\u505a\u4e3a\u533b\u7956\u770b\u5f85\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u53f2\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u600e\u6837\u5462?\u6211\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e00\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u533b\u7956\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u4ece\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u770b\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6587\u7269\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u5404\u6c0f\u65cf\u6216\u79cd\u65cf\u4e2d\u591a\u6570\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u8feb\u4e8e\u6025\u5207\u7684\u201c\u9700\u8981\u201d\u800c\u8425\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6162\u6162\u5730\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u81fb\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u67d0\u79cd\u65cf\u4e2d\u67d0\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u7279\u522b\u6765\u5f97\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u6216\u662f\u53ef\u6709\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u786c\u8bf4\u67d0\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6587\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4f4d\u82f1\u96c4\u7a81\u7136\u72ec\u521b\u6210\u529f\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u6015\u4ec5\u662f\u8fdc\u79bb\u4e86\u201c\u771f\u9645\u201d\u7684\u201c\u4f20\u5947\u201d\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u8fdc\u53e4\u533b\u836f\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f53\u505a\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u624d\u8f83\u59a5\u5584\u3002\u5176\u6b21\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u50cf\u4f0f\u7fb2\u3001\u795e\u519c\u3001\u9ec4\u5e1d\u7b49\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u7bad\u579b\u5f0f\u201d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5f7c\u7b49\u4e0e\u533b\u836f\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6050\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u9760\u5f97\u4f4f\u7684\u3002\u53c8\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u7531\u5730\u4e0b\u51fa\u571f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5546\u671d\u672a\u5e74\uff0c\u5c1a\u662f\u94dc\u77f3\u5668\u5e76\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u755c\u7267\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u519c\u8015\u7684\u65f6\u671f[7]\u3002\u50cf\u65e7\u53f2\u6240\u8bb0\uff0c\u795e\u519c\u3001\u9ec4\u5e1d\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u8fdb\u5230\u519c\u4e1a\u65f6\u4ee3;\u800c\u5f7c\u7b49\u4e8e\u533b\u836f\u8d21\u732e\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u8fa8\u5473\u8349\u6728\u7684\u54c1\u6027\uff0c\u5236\u4f5c\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u9053\u5177[8]\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u82e5\u771f\u5982\u65e7\u53f2\u6240\u627f\u8ba4\u90a3\u6837\u79e9\u5e8f\u5730\u8fdc\u51a0\u5728\u6bb7\u3001\u5468\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e0a\u9887\u4e3a\u51cc\u4e71\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5e38\u8bc6\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u80af\u968f\u4fbf\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u5427\u3002(\u5173\u4e8e\u5deb\u5f6d\uff0c\u4e0b\u518d\u63d0\u53ca\u3002)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5546\u4ee3\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6587\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u60dd\u6033\u8ff7\u79bb\u7684\u68a6\u5f71\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u5f97\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u7709\u76ee\uff0c\u6050\u975e\u9760\u5730\u4e0b\u77f3\u5934\u8d77\u6765\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u5c11\u8f83\u5b8c\u6ee1\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5173\u4e8e\u5546\u4ee3\u7684\u533b\u836f\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5f88\u8d2b\u4e4f\u3002\u524d\u4eba\u867d\u6709\u201c\u4f0a\u5c39\u521b\u533b\u836f\u201d\u7684\u8bb0\u8ff0[9]\uff0c\u5176\u9760\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u6050\u66f4\u5728\u4f0f\u7fb2\u3001\u9ec4\u5e1d\u7b49\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u4f2a\u53e4\u6587\u300a\u5c1a\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8c13\u5546\u4ee3\u9ad8\u5b97\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u300a\u8bf4\u547d\u300b\u4e0a\u7bc7\uff0c\u6709\u201c\u82e5\u836f\u5f17\u7791\u7729\uff0c\u53a5\u75c5\u5f17\u7633\u201d\u7684\u8bdd[10]\u3002\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u70b9\u5173\u4e8e\u5f7c\u65f6\u836f\u54c1\u6cbb\u6cd5\u5df2\u5f88\u76db\u884c\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u4f46\u56e0\u5b83\u662f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5728\u4f2a\u53f2\u6599\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fe1\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6cb3\u5357\u5b89\u9633\u6bb7\u4ee3\u6545\u589f\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u7f3a\u672a\u6708\u65e5\u8001\u7f3a\u7247\u75be\u56db\u65e5\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u5df2\u7f3a\u535c\u8d1e\u597d\u25a0\u4e4b\u7633\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u8d1e\u7b99\u6765\u25a0\u4e4b\u7633\u5341\u6708\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u4e19\u8fb0\u535c\u25a0\u8d1e\u25a0\u5f17\u5176\u25a0\u4e4b\u7633\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u53f6\u7389\u68ee\u91ca\u25a0\u4e3a\u201c\u98ce\u201d\u3002\u201c\u98ce\u75be\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u75c5\u98ce\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u201c\u4e43\u535c\u98ce\u75be\u4e4b\u7633\u4e0e\u5426\u8005\u3002\u201d\u5546\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5c1a\u5c5e\u5e7c\u7a1a\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5176\u51e1\u4e8b\u5fc5\u53d6\u65ad\u4e8e\u9b3c\u795e\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7532\u9aa8\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e88\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u75be\u75c5\u5fc5\u51fa\u4ee5\u8d1e\u535c\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7591\u95ee\u7684[11]\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u65e0\u522b\u79cd\u533b\u836f\u5b66\uff0c\u9887\u4e0d\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u7f62\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5468\u671d\uff0c\u6709\u957f\u8db3\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u65b0\u65e7\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u65e0\u5f02\u8bcd\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5404\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u201c\u53f2\u5b9e\u201d\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u754c\u8bf4\u9887\u4e3a\u53c2\u5dee\u3002\u5468\u521d\u533b\u836f\u4e4b\u5b66\uff0c\u5fc5\u6bd4\u6bb7\u5546\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u8fdb\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u5984\u4e5d\u4e94\u723b\u8f9e\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u65e0\u5984\u4e4b\u75be\uff0c\u52ff\u836f\u6709\u559c\u3002\u201d\u8c61\u66f0\u201c\u65e0\u5984\u4e4b\u836f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bd5\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[12]\u8fd9\u8db3\u5f53\u5f81\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u5df2\u81f3\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u897f\u5468\u533b\u836f\u53d1\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5468\u793c\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb0\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u6574\u9f50\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u79d1\u53ca\u7ec4\u7ec7[13]\uff0c\u6015\u662f\u540e\u4eba\u201c\u5938\u5927\u51fa\u4e4b\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5b89\u7136\u76f8\u4fe1[14]\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u63d0\u4e00\u63d0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u540d\u7684\u5468\u516c\u613f\u4ee5\u8eab\u4ee3\u6b66\u738b\u6b7b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002(\u6b66\u738b\u7f79\u8650\u75be\uff0c\u5468\u516c\u7977\u544a\u4e8e\u7956\u5b97\u4e4b\u7075\uff0c\u79f0\u8ff0\u5df1\u4e4b\u8d24\u80fd\uff0c\u5b9c\u4e8e\u4e8b\u9b3c\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u8d4e\u5176\u5144\u7684\u5371\u5384\u3002)\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5468\u521d\u7684\u5723\u667a\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5\u75be\u75c5\u4e3a\u7531\u4e8e\u9b3c\u795e\u7684\u795f\u7978\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u76f8\u8fd1\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u662f\u6000\u7591\u8fd9\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u3002\u5e76\u975e\u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u79f0\u8bf4\u5468\u521d\u533b\u836f\u5df2\u9887\u73b0\u7709\u76ee\u3002\u4fbf\u65ad\u5b9a\u4e0d\u8be5\u6709\u8fd9\u6545\u4e8b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u6b66\u65ad\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6211\u7684\u7591\u70b9\u662f\u8fd9\u6545\u4e8b\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0a\u7f3a\u5c11\u7a33\u5f53\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u90a3\u6240\u8c13\u3002\u300a\u91d1\u7e22\u300b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6050\u975e\u5468\u521d\u4eba\u7684\u7b14\u58a8[15]\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u4e4c\u6709\u5148\u751f\u300b\u4f20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5230\u4e86\u4e1c\u5468\uff0c\u533b\u836f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fdb\u6b65\u5f97\u9887\u53ef\u89c2\u4e86\u3002\u6d41\u4f20\u4e8e\u540e\u4e16\uff0c\u6700\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u533b\u7f13\u548c\u533b\u548c[16]\u3002\u636e\u300a\u6625\u79cb\u5de6\u6c0f\u4f20\u300b\u6240\u8f7d\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u664b\u4faf\u5f97\u6076\u68a6\uff0c\u95ee\u4e8e\u6851\u7530\u5deb\u3002\u5deb\u65ad\u5176\u4e0d\u4e45\u5fc5\u6b7b\u3002\u5df2\u800c\u679c\u75c5\u3002\u533b\u7f13\u672a\u81f3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u664b\u4faf\u68a6\u75be\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ad6\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u7f13\u6545\uff0c\u8bae\u5c45\u4e8e\u818f\u8093\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u7f13\u81f3\uff0c\u6240\u8a00\u4e0e\u68a6\u76f8\u5e94\u3002\u664b\u4faf\u53f9\u4e3a\u826f\u533b[17]\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u540d\u533b\u533b\u7f13\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u533b\u548c\u7684\uff0c\u636e\u4e91\uff0c\u664b\u4faf\u6709\u75be[18]\uff0c\u533b\u548c\u89c6\u4e4b\uff0c\u65ad\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u75be\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e3a\u4e5f!\u662f\u8c13\u8fd1\u5973\u5ba4\uff0c\u75be\u5982\u86ca\uff0c\u975e\u9b3c\u975e\u98df\uff0c\u60d1\u4ee5\u4e27\u5fd7\uff0c\u826f\u81e3\u5c06\u6b7b\uff0c\u5929\u547d\u4e0d\u7950\u3002\u201d\u56e0\u664b\u4faf\u7684\u53cd\u95ee\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u8bf4\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u7bc7\u201c\u516d\u6c14\u4e94\u5473\uff0c\u8fc7\u5219\u4e3a\u84c4\u201d\u7684\u9053\u7406[19]\u3002\u8fd1\u4eba\u5591\u7136\u6c0f\uff0c\u8c13\u533b\u7f13\u5c1a\u4e0d\u514d\u5e26\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u601d\u60f3(\u795e\u5b66\u533b)\uff0c\u533b\u548c\u5219\u8fdb\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u7384\u5b66\u533b\u201d\u4e86[20]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6218\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4e3e\u6241\u9e4a\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f9d\u53f8\u9a6c\u8fc1\u6c0f\u6240\u8bb0\uff0c\u9887\u4e3a\u7e41\u5bcc\u3002\u4eca\u7ea6\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f97\u5217\u4e3a\u4e94\u6869\uff1a\u2474 \u4f20\u79d8\u672f\u4e8e\u957f\u6851\u541b;\u2475 \u77e5\u7b80\u5b50\u7684\u795e\u6e38;\u2476 \u6551\u8662\u592a\u5b50\u4e8e\u5df2\u6b7b;\u2477 \u6599\u6853\u4faf\u4e4b\u5c06\u85a8;\u2478\u80fd\u4e3a\u79cd\u79cd\u533b\u9053[21]\u3002\u53c8\u300a\u5217\u5b50\u6c64\u95ee\u7bc7\u300b\u8bb0\u6709\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4eba\u6362\u5fc3\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u300a\u97e9\u8bd7\u5916\u4f20\u300b\u4e5f\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u6cbb\u75c5\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u534a\u8352\u5510\u96be\u4fe1;\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53c8\u8fd1\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u8bf4[22]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6218\u56fd\u65f6\u7684\u540d\u533b\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7384\u5b66\u533b\u7f62\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u8c08\u4e00\u8c08\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u6781\u5360\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u201c\u5deb\u533b\u201d[23]\u3002\u5982\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u6240\u53d9\u8ff0\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u533b\u4e8b\u5927\u591a\u51fa\u4e8e\u6cd5\u672f\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5deb\u5e08\u4e4b\u624b\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u9003\u51fa\u8fd9\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u6210\u89c4\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u66fe\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5deb\u5f6d\u5927\u7ea6\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u539f\u59cb\u65f6\u4ee3\u6709\u540d\u7684\u5deb\u533b[24]\u3002\u6625\u79cb\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u533b\u4e0e\u5deb\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u5448\u5206\u4e1a\u7684\u666f\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u5deb\u8005\u4ecd\u4e0d\u514d\u65f6\u517c\u6cbb\u533b\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u65e0\u53ef\u7591\u60d1\u7684\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6c11\u95f4\u5deb\u533b\u7684\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u5c1a\u5728\u67d0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6d41\u884c\u7740\u5462[25]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6cd5\u672f\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7531\u5deb\u5e08\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f69\u5e26\u6216\u996e\u98df\u67d0\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u690d\u7269\u6216\u77ff\u7269\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u5982\u672c\u6587\u524d\u8282\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u901a\u884c\u7684\u533b\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u522e\u864e\u7259\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u72ac\u54ac\u4f24\uff0c\u5403\u6a2a\u516c\u9c7c\u80fd\u6b62\u90aa\u75c5\uff0c\u6eaa\u5154\u866b\u4e4b\u89d2\u8f9f\u6c34\u6bd2\uff0c\u98de\u751f\u9e1f\u4e4b\u722a\u6cbb\u96be\u4ea7\uff0c\u8559\u8349\u6b62\u75a0\u5723\u94c1\u7597\u75eb[26]\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6cbb\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u533b\u5b66\u6216\u6c11\u95f4\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6cd5\u95e8\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u5f53\u662f\u6700\u8001\u65e9\u5c31\u53d1\u8fbe\u4e86\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3221 \u5deb\u4e0e\u533b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u53e4\u4ee3\u533b\u836f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5728\u300a\u4e94\u85cf\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u90e8\u5206(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ece\u7565)\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u533b\u836f\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u7136\u770b\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e3e\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a\u2474 \u836f\u7269\u7684\u539f\u6599\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u7c7b\u7565\u6b21\u4e4b\uff0c\u77ff\u7269\u6781\u5360\u5c11\u6570\u3002\u2475\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u867d\u4ee5\u5403\u98df\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u7136\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u4f69\u201d\u201c\u670d\u201d\u8005\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5728\u5c11\u6570[27]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7531\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u5219\u5f53\u65e5(\u300a\u4e94\u85cf\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3)\u867d\u5927\u4f53\u5df2\u8fdb\u5165\u519c\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u79bb\u5f00\u6c0f\u65cf\u6216\u79cd\u65cf\u4ee5\u52a8\u7269\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u6e14\u730e\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5fc5\u975e\u5341\u5206\u957f\u8fdc\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u7c7b\u836f\u54c1\u5df2\u751a\u53d1\u8fbe;\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u7684\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5360\u7740\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u6b64\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u770b\u5f88\u540e\u8d77\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u300a\u795e\u519c\u672c\u8349\u7ecf\u300b[28]\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u8f7d\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u6700\u5360\u591a\u6570\uff0c\u4fbf\u6781\u597d\u7684\u53cd\u8bc1\u4e86[29]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7531\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u5f53\u65e5\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u533b\u836f\u5b66\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e0d\u514d\u76f8\u5f53\u5730\u4e3a\u6cd5\u672f\u89c2\u5ff5\u6240\u652f\u914d\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4f69\u201d\u6216\u201c\u670d\u201d\u7684\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6cd5\u672f\u7684\u884c\u5f53\uff0c\u975e\u5df2\u8131\u79bb\u539f\u59cb\u671f\u7684\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u7684\u533b\u6cbb\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u77e5\u9053\u7ecf\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8d77\u56e0\u4e8e\u6cd5\u672f;\u4f46\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5219\u4f3c\u53ef\u8c13\u4e4b\u53e4\u4ee3\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\u76f8\u4f20\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u95f4\u836f\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9(\u7531\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u4f20\u6388\u7684\u836f\u54c1)\uff0c\u867d\u4e0d\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u5206\u6790\u5176\u594f\u6548\u7684\u7f18\u6545;\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u66fe\u589e\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u533b\u6cbb\u597d\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bb8\u591a\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5173\u4e8e\u6cd5\u672f\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u533b\u6cd5\u7684\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9664\u7531\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5(\u5373\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4f69\u3001\u670d\u6cd5)\uff0c\u53ef\u85c9\u4ee5\u7565\u63a8\u89c1\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u8d44\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u4f50\u636e\u3002\u8bfb\u8005\u5f53\u6ca1\u6709\u5fd8\u8bb0\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u7c7b\u611f\u89c2\u5ff5\u5728\u6cd5\u672f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u533b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u88ab\u91c7\u7528\u5427\u3002\u524d\u5217\u836f\u54c1\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u84c7\u84c9\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4f7f\u4eba\u65e0\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u4f8b\u3002\u4e3e\u7ecf\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5d93\u51a2\u4e4b\u5c71\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u6709\u8349\u7109\uff0c\u5176\u53f6\u5982\u8559\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u5982\u6854\u6897\uff0c\u9ed1\u534e\u800c\u4e0d\u5b9e\uff0c\u540d\u66f0\u84c7\u84c9\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4f7f\u4eba\u65e0\u5b50\u3002\u201d\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8349\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed3\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u5987\u4eba\u5403\u4e86\u5b83\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u540c\u6837\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u751f\u6b96\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6781\u663e\u7136\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7c7b\u611f\u6cd5\u672f\u539f\u5219\u7684\u533b\u836f\u4e48?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u5b9e\u6709\u533b\u836f\u4e0a\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7fac\u7f8a\u7684\u8102\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u201c\u76ae\u80a4\u76b1\u88c2\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u9a8c\u7684[30]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u7528\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u65f6\u4ee3\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u79cd\u79cd\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ecd\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u800c\u4f20\u627f\u5728\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5f53\u5df2\u65e0\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u51b3\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7edd\u8ff9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7fac\u7f8a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8406\u8354\u3001\u85b0\u8349\u4e4b\u5c5e\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6c11\u95f4\u4e2d\u505a\u4e3a\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u662f\u548c\u4e00\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u5462[31]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u6216\u6587\u5316\u8f83\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f46\u4ee5\u4e3a\u751f\u7406\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u751f\u6b96\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u9965\u997f\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u836f\u54c1\u533b\u6cbb\u3001\u8865\u76ca\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5(\u6216\u4e3a\u6cd5\u672f\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u4e3a\u975e\u6cd5\u672f\u7684)\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u7f3a\u61be\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4ee5\u836f\u7269\u628a\u5b83\u6cbb\u7406[32]\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u7406\u4f3c\u5e94\u5f52\u4e4b\u6cd5\u672f\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u4e0b\u53bb\u8c08\u8bb2\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u8fd1\u662f;\u4f46\u5728\u6b64\u8bba\u53e4\u533b\u836f\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u987a\u5e26\u5730\u628a\u5b83\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u7406\u7531\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u4e94\u85cf\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u7f15\u4e3e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u5357\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u8ff7\u8c37\uff0c\u4f69\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8ff7[33]\u3002\u7c7b\uff0c\u98df\u8005\u4e0d\u5992\u3002\u733c\u6c60\uff0c\u4f69\u4e4b\u4e0d\u754f\u3002\u767d\u548e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u52b3[34]\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u897f\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u591a\u6761\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e0d\u60d1\u3002\u6a50\u25a0\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u754f\u96f7\u3002\u4e0d\u5468\u5c71\u4e4b\u679c\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4e0d\u52b3\u3002\u6587\u9cd0\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u5df2\u72c2\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u5317\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u5135\u9c7c\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5df2\u5fe7\u3002\u25a0\u9c7c\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u5df2\u72c2\u3002\u9b86\u9c7c\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4e0d\u9a84[35]\u3002\u25a0\u9c7c\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u65e0\u75f4\u75be\u3002\u9ec4\u9e1f\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5992\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u4e2d\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u6803\u6728\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5fd8\u3002\u9b3c\u8349\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5fe7\u3002 \u6708 \u51fa \u6708 \u51fa \u517b\u4e4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5df2\u5fe7\u3002\u98de\u9c7c\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u754f\u96f7\u3002\u8628\u8349\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u5a9a\u4e8e\u4eba\u3002\u8499\u6728\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u60d1\u3002\u5609\u8363\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u9706[36]\u3002\u5e1d\u4f11\uff0c\u670d\u8005\u4e0d\u6012\u3002\u682f\u6728\uff0c\u670d\u8005\u4e0d\u5992\u3002\u25a0\u8349\uff0c\u98df\u4e4b\u4e0d\u611a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u66f4\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u6cd5\u672f\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u3002\u5982\u6cbb\u6cd5\u4e4b\u591a\u7528\u201c\u670d\u201d\u2014\u201423\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d(\u4f69\u670d)\u8005\u536011\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u5404\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u5171\u536012\u5219\u2014\u2014\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u7528\u201c\u8c62\u517b\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u660e\u662f\u6cd5\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u538c\u80dc\u201d(Charms)\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5[37]\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u5403\u98df\u6cd5\u7684\u836f\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea6\u591a\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u6cd5\u672f\u7684\u7c7b\u611f\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5403\u4e86\u517d\u7c7b\u7684\u8089\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e0d\u751f\u5992\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6050\u6015\u662f\u56e0\u6b64\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u81ea\u4e3a\u725d\u7261\u201d\u4e4b\u6545\u800c\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u3002\u4f69\u670d\u7684\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u7c7b\u611f\u539f\u5219\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u66f4\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e86[38]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u7ecf\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb0\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u690d\u7269\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u7528\u8c13\u53ef\u4ee5\u6740\u866b\u3001\u5fa1\u51f6\u3001\u8f9f\u706b\u3001\u5fa1\u4e0d\u7965\u3001\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6bd2\u9f20\u3001\u6bd2\u9c7c\u3001\u670d\u9a6c\u7b49[39]\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u4f5c\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u539f\u59cb\u836f\u7269\u5b66\u201d\u770b\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u7bc7\u5e45\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u4e00\u7f15\u8ff0\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3222 \u5deb\u5f6d\u4e0e\u5deb\u533b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u524d\u6587\u66fe\u7565\u53d9\u8ff0\u5230\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u5deb\u533b\u53ca\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u533b\u7956\u5deb\u5f6d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5c31\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6765\u4f5c\u70b9\u8f83\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u300a\u6d77\u5916\u897f\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5deb\u54b8\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u5973\u4e11\u5317\u3002\u53f3\u624b\u64cd\u9752\u86c7\uff0c\u5de6\u624b\u64cd\u8d64\u86c7\uff0c\u5728\u767b\u8446\u7fa4\u5c71\uff0c\u5deb\u6240\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e5f\u3002\u201d(\u90ed\u6ce8\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u91c7\u836f\u5f80\u6765\u3002\u201d)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7fa4\u5deb\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u51fa\u5404\u4eba\u786e\u5b9e\u7684\u540d\u5b57;\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ec5\u7531\u6ce8\u8005\u91ca\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u90ed\u6c0f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u51ed\u7a7a\u634f\u9020\u7684\u3002\u5728\u300a\u6d77\u5185\u897f\u7ecf\u300b\u6240\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u8f83\u660e\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5b83\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f00\u660e\u4e1c\u6709\u5deb\u5f6d\u3001\u5deb\u62b5\u3001\u5deb\u9633\u3001\u5deb\u51e1\u3001\u5deb\u76f8(\u90ed\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u7686\u795e\u533b\u4e5f\u3002\u201d)\u5939\u7aab\u7ab3\u4e4b\u5c38\uff0c\u7686\u64cd\u4e0d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u836f\u4ee5\u8ddd\u4e4b\u3002(\u90ed\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u8ddd\u5374\u6b7b\u6c14\u4ee5\u6c42\u751f\u4e5f\u201d\u3002)\u201c \u7aab\u7ab3\u8005\uff0c\u86c7\u8eab\u4eba\u9762\uff0c\u8d30\u8d1f\u81e3\u6240\u6740\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u540d\u53f7\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e5f\u662d\u7136\u88ab\u5199\u7740\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e3e\u4e24\u6bb5\u8bb0\u8f7d\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5927\u8352\u897f\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6bb5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u5927\u8352\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5c71\u540d\u66f0\u4e30\u6cae\u7389\u95e8\uff0c\u65e5\u6708\u6240\u5165\u3002\u6709\u7075\u5c71\uff0c\u5deb\u54b8\u3001\u5deb\u5373\u3001\u5deb\u670c\u3001\u5deb\u5f6d\u3001\u5deb\u59d1\u3001\u5deb\u771f\u3001\u5deb\u793c\u3001\u5deb\u62b5\u3001\u5deb\u8c22\u3001\u5deb\u7f57\u5341\u5deb\u4ece\u6b64\u5347\u964d\uff0c\u767e\u836f\u7230\u5728\u3002\u201d(\u90ed\u6ce8\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u7fa4\u5deb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6b64\u5c71\u91c7\u4e4b\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[40]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5510\u4eba\u6bb5\u6210\u5f0f\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u8457\u300a\u9149\u9633\u6742\u4fce\u300b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u540d\u5b57\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u7565\u6709\u5f02\u540c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8bd5\u628a\u4e0a\u4e3e\u4e8c\u4e09\u4e24\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u7fa4\u5deb\u540d\u53f7\uff0c\u5408\u6bb5\u6c0f\u6240\u8bb0\u7684\u4f5c\u6210\u4e0b\u8868[41]\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6d77\u5185\u897f\u7ecf\u5deb\u5f6d\u5deb\u62b5\u5deb\u9633\u5deb\u51e1\u5deb\u76f8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5927\u8352\u897f\u7ecf\u5deb\u5f6d\u5deb\u62b5\u5deb\u54b8\u5deb\u5373\u5deb\u59d1\u5deb\u771f\u5deb\u793c\u5deb\u8c22\u5deb\u670c\u5deb\u7f57<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9149\u9633\u6742\u4fce\u5deb\u5f6d\u5deb\u62b5\u5deb\u59d1\u5deb\u5177\u5deb\u793c\u5deb\u8c22\u5deb\u670c\u5deb\u7f57<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7fa4\u5deb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8e\u53e4\u4ee3\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u76db\u88ab\u79f0\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u83ab\u5982\u5deb\u54b8\u4e0e\u5deb\u5f6d\uff0c\u800c\u5deb\u9633\u6b21\u4e4b\u3002\u4e14\u5148\u8bf4\u5deb\u54b8\u3002\u5deb\u54b8\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6b63\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u53e4\u53f2\u4e2d\u4f20\u8bf4\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u7eb7\u7ead\u3002\u6709\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u795e\u519c\u65f6\u5019\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u9ec4\u5e1d\u65f6\u5019\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u5c27\u5e1d\u65f6\u5019\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u5546\u671d\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6216\u8bf4\u662f\u5deb\u795d\uff0c\u6216\u8bf4\u662f\u533b\u3002\u201c\u5deb\u54b8\uff0c\u5c27\u65f6\u81e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u9e3f\u672f\u4e3a\u5c27\u4e4b\u533b\u3002\u80fd\u795d\uff0c\u5ef6\u4eba\u4e4b\u798f\uff0c\u6108\u4eba\u4e4b\u75c5\u3002\u795d\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u67af;\u795d\u9e1f\uff0c\u9e1f\u5815\u3002\u201d\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6bd4\u6b64\u66f4\u80fd\u591f\u7b80\u8981\u5730\u53d9\u8ff0\u51fa\u5deb\u54b8\u7684\u201c\u5deb\u533b\u8005\u201d\u4e4b\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4e86\uff0c\u5020\u4ed6\u679c\u5426\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u5c27\u65f6\u81e3\u201d\u662f\u5927\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5deb\u5f6d\uff0c\u9664\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u300a\u8def\u53f2\u300b\u3001\u300a\u53e4\u4eca\u533b\u7edf\u300b\u7b49\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u9ec4\u5e1d\u6216\u5468\u521d\u65f6\u5019\u4e4b\u4eba\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5415\u6c0f\u6625\u79cb\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e16\u672c\u300b\u7b49\u8f83\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8f7d\u7c4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u672a\u8be6\u5176\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u5219\u5404\u4e66\u4e00\u81f4\u5730\u79f0\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u521b\u5236\u6216\u5584\u4e8e\u533b\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba[42];\u4ed6\u7684\u533b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5fc5\u5927\u534a\u4ecd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u5deb\u533b\u201d\u8303\u56f4[43]\u3002\u8fd9\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u6240\u5f15\u7ecf\u6587\u4e2d\u662f\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e14\u8a00\u5deb\u9633\u3002\u8fd9\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7279\u522b\u7a14\u719f\u3002\u56e0\u81ea\u4ece\u300a\u62db\u9b42\u300b\u63f4\u5f15\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u4e16\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e50\u7528\u4e4b[44]\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u9887\u4e60\u89c1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e86\u3002\u738b\u9038\u6c0f\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ee5\u5deb\u9633\u4e3a\u5929\u5e1d\u4e4b\u5973\uff0c\u300a\u8def\u53f2\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4e3a\u9ec4\u5e1d\u4e4b\u81e3[45]\u3002\u4f55\u51b5\u66f4\u6709\u4e0a\u5f15\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u4e3a\u8bc1\u5462?\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ece\u300a\u62db\u9b42\u300b\u4e0a\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5584\u535c\u7b6e\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u62db\u81f4\u9b42\u9b44\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5fc5\u662f\u201c\u5deb\u201d\u800c\u517c\u201c\u533b\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u600e\u6837\u5e7b\u60f3\u7684\u4e8b\u5427[46]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0a\u4e3e\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u5deb\u533b\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u60f3\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0e\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7fa4\u5deb\u201d\u8868\u9762\u867d\u4f3c\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u5728\u5f7c\u6b64\u6050\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u56e0\u7f18(\u81f3\u5c11\u5f7c\u6b64\u6709\u4e9b\u76f8\u4f3c)\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u53e4\u533b\u8005\u5deb\u59a8\u6765\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u53e4\u6709\u5deb\u59a8\u8005\uff0c\u7acb\u300a\u5c0f\u513f\u9885\u8111\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5360\u592d\u5bff\uff0c\u5224\u75be\u75c5\u6b7b\u751f\u3002\u4e16\u76f8\u4f20\u6388\uff0c\u59cb\u6709\u5c0f\u513f\u65b9\u7109\u3002\u201d[47]\u4ece\u540d\u5b57\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4ece\u804c\u52a1\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec(\u5deb\u54b8\u3001\u5deb\u9633\u3001\u5deb\u59a8\u7b49)\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u51fa\u81ea\u4e00\u7fa4\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e8c\u201c\u6bcd\u9898\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6240\u6b67\u4f20\u7684\u8bdd[48]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7ecf\u4e2d\u5c1a\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u4e24\u5219\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u524d\u9762\u6240\u4e3e\u7684\u4e00\u9053\u770b\u5427\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u6709\u5deb\u5c71\u8005\uff0c\u897f\u6709\u9ec4\u9e1f\uff0c\u5e1d\u836f\u516b\u658b\u3002(\u90ed\u66f0\uff1a\u5929\u5e1d\u795e\u4ed9\u836f\u5728\u6b64\u4e5f\u3002\u5434\u4efb\u81e3\u5f15\u90ed\u5b50\u7ae0\u8bed\u66f0\uff1a\u5deb\u54b8\u4ee5\u9e3f\u672f\u4e3a\u5e1d\u5c27\u533b\u5e08\u3002\u751f\u4e3a\u4e0a\u516c\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e3a\u8d35\u795e\u3002\u5c01\u4e8e\u65af\u5c71\uff0c\u56e0\u540d\u5deb\u5c71\u3002)[49]\u9ec4\u9e1f\u4e8e\u5deb\u5c71\u53f8\u6b64\u7384\u86c7\u3002\u201d[50]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u5927\u8352\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5c71\u540d \u6d82\u4e4b\u5c71\uff0c\u9752\u6c34\u7a77\u7109\u3002\u6709\u4e91\u96e8\u4e4b\u5c71\u3002\u6709\u6728\u66f0\u683e\u3002\u79b9\u653b\u4e91\u96e8(\u90ed\u66f0\uff1a\u653b\uff0c\u8c13\u69ce\u4f10\u5176\u6797\u6728\u3002)\uff0c\u6709\u8d64\u77f3\u7109\uff0c\u540d\u751f\u683e\uff0c\u9ec4\u672c\u8d64\u9752\u53f6\u3002\u7fa4\u5e1d\u7109\u53d6\u836f\u3002\u201d(\u90ed\u4e91\u201c\u8a00\u6811\u82b1\u5b9e\uff0c\u7686\u4e3a\u795e\u836f\u3002\u201d)[51]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u51e0\u5219\u5173\u4e8e\u5deb\u533b(\u6216\u8fd1\u4e8e\u5deb\u533b)\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fdc\u53e4\u6c11\u4f17\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u662f\u5f88\u8d1f\u6709\u5a01\u529b\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6620\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u773c\u91cc\u7684\u8fd9\u88ab\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u867d\u5df2\u6d82\u7740\u82e5\u5e72\u540e\u6765\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u671f\u201c\u533b\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u59ff\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u8bf4\u5c1a\u672a\u81f3\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\u6726\u80e7\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7aa5\u5176\u539f\u5f62\u7684\u4e00\u4e8c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u6765\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u533b\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u79cd\u79cd\u7684\u624b\u672f\u7597\u6cbb\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f62\u4e50\u5fd7\u82e6\uff0c\u75c5\u751f\u4e8e\u7b4b\uff0c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4ee5\u71a8\u5f15;\u2026\u2026\u5f62\u6570\u60ca\u6050\uff0c\u7ecf\u7edc\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u75c5\u751f\u4e8e\u4e0d\u4ec1\uff0c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6309\u6469\u3001\u91aa\u836f\u3002\u201d[52]\u7099\u523a\u3001\u937c\u77f3\u3001\u71a8\u5f15\u3001\u6309\u6469\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5c27\u5e94\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u7684\u5916\u6cbb\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u5403\u996e\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u5185\u6cbb\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e14\u5355\u8c08\u937c\u77f3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u937c\u77f3\u201d\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u4f3c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u91ca\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5173\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u6240\u5f15\u201c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4ee5\u937c\u77f3\u201d\u4e00\u8bed\uff0c\u89e3\u8005\u4fbf\u5404\u6709\u5176\u4e49\u3002\u5510\u738b\u51b0\u6c0f\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u592b\u536b\u6c14\u6d41\u6ee1\uff0c\u4e49\u937c\u6cfb\u4e4b;\u7ed3\u805a\u8113\u8840\uff0c\u77f3\u800c\u7834\u4e4b\u3002\u77f3\uff0c\u8c13\u77f3\u937c\uff0c\u5219\u782d\u77f3\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u800c\u660e\u9a6c\u83b3\u6c0f\u5219\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u536b\u6c14\u602b\u7ed3\uff0c\u75c5\u751f\u4e8e\u8089\uff0c\u5b9c\u4e49\u77f3\u4e3a\u937c\u800c\u523a\u4e4b\u3002\u201d[53]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u937c(\u4ee5\u94c1\u6216\u91d1\u94f6\u4e3a\u4e4b)\u548c\u782d(\u5373\u77f3\u782d)\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u7d20\u95f4\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u7075\u67a2)\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u7b49\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f3c\u9887\u6709\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5374\u5f88\u542b\u6df7[54]\u3002\u4f9d\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u5fc5\u662f\u4e00\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u8fdc\u5728\u77f3\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3[55]\u3002\u201c\u53e4\u8005\u4ee5\u782d\uff0c\u540e\u4ee3\u4ee5\u9488(\u5373\u937c\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u4f5c\u7bb4)\u3002\u201d[56]\u8fd9\u8bdd\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u80fd\u628a\u5b83\u4e4b\u8d28\u6599\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u88ab\u4ee3\u4ee5\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u77f3\u937c\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u65f6\u7edd\u8ff9\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6b63\u4e8e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u65b0\u8d77\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e4b\u937c\uff0c\u5206\u5916\u6d41\u884c;\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u77f3\u5236\u7684\u782d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u4f20\u6b65\u7740\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u4ee3\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u8f83\u8fd1\u4e8e\u201c\u782d\u201d\u7684\u201c\u74f7\u782d\u201d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6c11\u95f4[57]\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u540c(\u5982\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u533a\u5206\u7684)\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u662f\u5728\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u79cd\u79cd\u60ef\u4e60\u800c\u76ca\u662d\u663e\u7684\u5427[58]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u5217\u5173\u4e8e\u7bb4\u77f3\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u201c\u9ad8\u6c0f\u4e4b\u5c71\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u591a\u7389\uff0c\u5176\u4e0b\u591a\u7bb4\u77f3\u3002\u5c9b\u4e3d\u4e4b\u5c71\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u591a\u91d1\u7389\uff0c\u5176\u4e0b\u591a\u7bb4\u77f3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u90ed\u4f20\u4e91\uff1a\u201c(\u7bb4\u77f3)\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u782d\u9488\uff0c\u6cbb\u75c8\u75bd\u8005\u3002\u201d[59]\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8c13\u7bb4\u77f3\u8005\uff0c\u4e49\u53c8\u5c0f\u5f02\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6307\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u505a\u6210\u201c\u782d\u201d\u7684\u77f3\u6750\u7f62\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0a\u5f15\u4e24\u5219\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7686\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u4e94\u85cf\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u300a\u4e1c\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u522b\u90e8\u5206\u7ecf\u6587\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u518d\u6ca1\u6709\u6b64\u79cd\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u5f53\u65f6(\u6216\u5e76\u201c\u5f53\u65f6\u201d\u4ee5\u524d)\u8fd9\u79cd\u5916\u79d1\u7684\u533b\u672f\uff0c\u4ec5\u9650\u6d41\u884c\u4e8e\u4e1c\u65b9\u5417?\u8fd9\u662f\u9887\u53ef\u6000\u7591\u7684\u3002\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u2026\u2026\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e4b\u57df\u2026\u2026\u9c7c\u76d0\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u6d77\u6ee8\u508d\u6c34\uff0c\u5176\u6c11\u98df\u9c7c\u800c\u55dc\u9e79?\u2026\u2026\u5176\u75c5\u7686\u4e3a\u75c8\u75a1\uff0c\u5176\u6cbb\u5b9c\u782d\u77f3\uff0c\u6545\u782d\u77f3\u8005\u4ea6\u4ece\u4e1c\u65b9\u6765\u3002\u201d[60]\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u975e\u56e0\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u800c\u6f14\u8ff0\u7684[61]\u3002\u90a3\u672b\uff0c\u5176\u543b\u5408\u800c\u4e14\u8db3\u76f8\u8bf4\u660e\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\u4e8b\u5427\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9887\u731c\u60f3\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7528\u782d\u201d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6cbb\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\uff0c\u662f\u53d1\u6e90\u6216\u53ea\u662f\u6d41\u5e03\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u30001931\u5e7411\u67086 \u65e5 \u897f\u6eaa\u82a6\u82b1\u5982\u4e91\u65f6\u5199\u6210<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[1] \u8282\u9009\u81ea\u300a\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u533b\u836f\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b(\u539f\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u3008\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u3009\u4e2d\u7684\u533b\u836f\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u539f\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u6c11\u4f17\u6559\u80b2\u5b63\u520a\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f7\uff0c1941\u5e7411\u6708\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[2] \u7687\u752b\u6c0f\u539f\u4e66\u5df2\u4f5a\uff0c\u6b64\u89c1\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5fa1\u89c8\u300b\u5377\u4e03\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u65b9\u672f\u90e8\u7b49\u7c7b\u4e66\u6240\u5f15\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[3] \u540c\u524d\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[4] \u540c\u524d\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[5] \u89c1\u300a\u5415\u6c0f\u6625\u79cb\u00b7\u5ba1\u5206\u89c8\u52ff\u8eac\u7bc7\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[6] \u8bb8\u6c0f\u300a\u8bf4\u6587\u89e3\u5b57\u300b\u5377\u5341\u56db\uff0c\u9149\u90e8\u533b\u6761\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u53e4\u8005\u5deb\u5f6d\u521d\u4f5c\u533b\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[7] \u53c2\u770b\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6ee8\u7530\u9752\u9675\u6559\u6388\u7684\u300a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u9ece\u660e\u300b\u7b2c\u4e94\u8282\u300a\u6bb7\u589f\u7684\u9057\u7269\u4e0e\u91d1\u77f3\u5e76\u7528\u671f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c27-30\u9875;\u53ca\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5\u6c0f\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u300a\u535c\u8f9e\u535c\u8f9e\u4e2d\u53e4\u4e4b\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[8] \u636e\u8f7d\u7c4d\u53ca\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u795e\u519c\u548c\u9ec4\u5e1d\u6240\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5c5e\u690d\u7269\u7c7b\uff0c\u6b64\u5fc5\u519c\u4e1a\u5f88\u53d1\u8fbe\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u65b9\u80fd\u6709\u6b64\u3002\u53c8\u4f0f\u7fb2\u3001\u9ec4\u5e1d\u6240\u5236\u7684\u9488\uff0c\u7686\u5c5e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u81f3\u5c11\u53c8\u975e\u5230\u94dc\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u3002(\u4f46\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f0f\u7fb2\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u7528\u8005\u662f\u77f3\u9488\uff0c\u89c1\u7f57\u6ccc\u6c0f\u300a\u8def\u53f2\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u6240\u8457\u4e4b\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[9] \u89c1\u300a\u5e7f\u535a\u7269\u5fd7\u300b\u5377\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u5f15\u300a\u7269\u539f\u300b\u8bed\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[10] \u8be6\u89c1\u53f6\u6c0f\u6240\u8457\u300a\u8bf4\u5951\u53ca\u7814\u5951\u679d\u8c2d\u300b\u3002\u53c8\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u535c\u95ee\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u8bed\u6587\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e59\u5df3\u535c\u5bbe\u58ec\u75be\u25a0\u56d7\u4f73\u53e3(\u94c1\u4e91\u300a\u85cf\u9f9f\u300b\u7b2c2\u9875)\u3001\u7532\u8fb0\u535c\u25a0\u8d1e\u75a5\u25a0\u4f73\u7f3a\u5b83(\u300a\u6bb7\u589f\u6587\u5b57\u300b\u7b2c34\u9875)\u3001\u8d1e\u7633\u76ee\u4e0d\u25a0\u8d1e\u7633\u6b62\u4f73\u4e4b\u25a0(\u94c1\u4e91\u300a\u85cf\u9f9f\u62fe\u9057\u300b\u7b2c22\u9875)\u7b49\u4e0d\u4e00\u800c\u8db3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[11] \u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u867d\u540d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u7da6\u91cd\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u7ecf\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4f20\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u7ecf\u90e8\u5206\u5366\u8f9e\u3001\u723b\u8f9e\u7b49\u6210\u6587\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u8005\u82e5\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u3001\u987e\u9889\u521a\u3001\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5\u8bf8\u6c0f\uff0c\u7686\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5468\u521d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5927\u7ea6\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002(\u738b\u8bf4\u89c1\u300a\u53e4\u53f2\u65b0\u8bc1\u300b\uff0c\u987e\u8bf4\u89c1\u300a\u71d5\u4eac\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u7b2c\u516d\u671f\u300a\u5468\u6613\u5366\u723b\u8f9e\u4e2d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u90ed\u8bf4\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u5468\u6613\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u4ea7\u300b\u3002)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[12] \u300a\u5468\u793c\u300b\u5929\u5bab\u6709\u533b\u5e08\u3001\u98df\u533b\u3001\u75be\u533b\u3001\u75a1\u533b\uff0c\u5206\u7406\u4e0a\u4e0b\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u536b\u751f\uff0c\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u533b\u4e8b\u4e4b\u653f\u4ee4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u517d\u533b\u201c\u638c\u7597\u517d\u75c5\uff0c\u7597\u517d\u75a1\u3002\u201d\u8be6\u60c5\u53c2\u89c1\u539f\u4e66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[13] \u5173\u4e8e\u300a\u5468\u793c\u300b\u7684\u6b64\u9879\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u56fd\u4eba\u5df2\u6709\u5148\u6211\u800c\u7591\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5591\u7136\u6c0f\u5728\u300a\u5468\u4e4b\u533b\u5b66\u300b\u4e2d\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6309\u4e4b\u5f53\u65f6\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4f3c\u5c1a\u672a\u80fd\u3002\u201d\u53c8\u65e5\u5b66\u8005\u5c0f\u5ddd\u7422\u6cbb\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u8bb0\u4e8b\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u533b\u836f\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e4b\u6218\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3(\u535a\u58eb\u539f\u8bed\uff0c\u89c1\u300a\u652f\u90a3\u672c\u8349\u5b66\u4e4b\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u795e\u519c\u672c\u8349\u7ecf\u300b).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[14] \u300a\u91d1\u7e22\u7bc7\u300b\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u867d\u66fe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5468\u521d\u53ef\u9760\u53f2\u6599(\u8bf4\u89c1\u738b\u5148\u751f\u300a\u53e4\u53f2\u65b0\u8bc1\u300b\u8bb2\u4e49);\u4f46\u987e\u9889\u521a\u6c0f\u7591\u4e3a\u4e1c\u5468\u4eba\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8bf4\u4f3c\u8f83\u8fd1\u662f(\u987e\u8bf4\u89c1\u300a\u8bba\u4eca\u6587\u5c1a\u4e66\u8457\u4f5c\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e66\u300b)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[15] \u5c0f\u5ddd\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u8bba\u300a\u795e\u519c\u672c\u8349\u7ecf\u300b\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u6b64\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4f3c\u9887\u4fe1\u4e3a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[16] \u6709\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u672c\u6765\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[17] \u53c2\u770b\u300a\u6625\u79cb\u5de6\u6c0f\u4f20\u300b\u6210\u516c\u5341\u5e74(\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5fa1\u89c8\u300b\u5f15\u4f5c\u201c\u6210\u4e8c\u201d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[18] \u664b\u4faf\uff0c\u300a\u56fd\u8bed\u300b\u4f5c\u201c\u5e73\u516c\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[19] \u53c2\u770b\u300a\u5de6\u6c0f\u4f20\u300b\u662d\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u8bb0\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[20] \u89c1\u5591\u7136\u6c0f\u300a\u5468\u4e4b\u533b\u5b66\u300b(\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300a\u533b\u5b66\u5468\u520a\u300b\u7b2c48\u671f)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[21] \u53c2\u770b\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u5377\u4e00\u25cb\u4e94\u7bc7\u300a\u9e4a\u4ed3\u516c\u5217\u4f20\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[22] \u5c0f\u5ddd\u6c0f\u8c13\u6241\u9e4a\u533b\u5b66\u4ece\u201c\u9634\u9633\u8bf4\u201d\u51fa\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u4e0e\u6240\u8c13\u300a\u9ec4\u5e1d\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6210\u4e66\u65f6\u4ee3\u76f8\u8fd1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[23] \u5deb\u533b\uff0c\u8fd9\u540d\u8bcd\u521d\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u6240\u5f15\u5357\u4eba\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002(\u300a\u7ba1\u5b50\u7ecf\u8a00\u6743\u4fee\u7bc7\u300b\u867d\u5df2\u6709\u6b64\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u300a\u7ba1\u5b50\u300b\u4e0d\u662f\u8f83\u9760\u5f97\u4f4f\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u820d\u5f03\u3002)\u540e\u4eba\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u867d\u6709\u201c\u5deb\u6240\u4ee5\u4ea4\u9b3c\u795e\uff0c\u533b\u6240\u4ee5\u5bc4\u6b7b\u751f\u201d(\u6731\u71b9\u8bed)\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u6b67\u800c\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec8\u5f53\u4ee5\u201c\u51fb\u9f13\u821e\u8d8b\uff0c\u7948\u79b3\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u66f0\u5deb\u533b\u201d(\u660e\u4eba\u5f90\u6625\u752b\u8bed)\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3002(\u53c2\u770b\u300a\u7075\u67a2\u7ecf\u8d3c\u98ce\u7bc7\u300b\u7ecf\u6587\u53ca\u738b\u51b0\u7b49\u6ce8\u3002)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[24] \u5deb\u5f6d\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e0a\u867d\u7136\u6709\u201c\u9ec4\u5e1d\u547d\u5deb\u5f6d\u3001\u6850\u541b\u5904\u65b9 \u9975\u3001\u6e54 \u523a\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u5f97\u4ee5\u5c3d\u5e74\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u662f\u540e\u8d77\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u7aa5\u89c1\u5f53\u65e5\u5b9e\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u72b6\u3002\u5deb\u5f6d\u4e4b\u5fc5\u4e3a\u201c\u5deb\u533b\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u540d\u5b57\u770b\uff0c\u4fbf\u6781\u663e\u7136\u3002\u300a\u97e9\u8bd7\u5916\u4f20\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u4e0a\u53e4\u533b\u66f0\u5f1f\u7236\uff0c\u5f1f\u7236\u4e4b\u4e3a\u533b\u4e5f\uff0c\u4ee5\u839e\u4e3a\u5e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u84ad\u4e3a\u72d7\uff0c\u5317\u9762\u800c\u795d\u4e4b\u3002\u53d1\u5341\u8a00\u8033\uff0c\u8bf8\u6276\u8206\u800c\u6765\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u5e73\u590d\u5982\u6545\u3002\u4e2d\u53e4\u4e4b\u4e3a\u533b\u8005\u66f0\u8e30\u9644\uff0c\u8e30\u9644\u4e4b\u4e3a\u533b\u4e5f\uff0c\u6426\u6728\u4e3a\u8111\uff0c\u829f\u8349\u4e3a\u8eaf\uff0c\u5439\u7a8d\u5b9a\u8111\uff0c\u6b7b\u8005\u590d\u751f\u3002\u201d(\u5218\u6c0f\u300a\u8bf4\u82d1\u300b\u4e5f\u4e00\u90a6\u8fd9\u5927\u7565\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bb0\u4e8b)\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u822c\u5730\u770b\u4f5c\u8fdc\u53e4\u533b\u8005\u6cbb\u75c5\u7684\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u6050\u8f83\u80fd\u5f77\u4f5b\u5f97\u5176\u771f\u76f8\u5427\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[25] \u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u5deb\u533b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u72e9\u91ce\u76f4\u559c\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u7eed\u8bf4\u5deb\u8865\u9057\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a00\u4e4b\u9887\u7cbe\u8be6\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u770b(\u8be5\u6587\u6536\u5728\u535a\u58eb\u6240\u8457\u300a\u652f\u90a3\u5b66\u6587\u85ae\u300b\u91cc\u9762);\u53c8\u77bf\u5151\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u7684\u300a\u91ca\u5deb\u300b(\u300a\u71d5\u4eac\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u7b2c7\u671f\uff0c\u4ea6\u7565\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u5deb\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u533b\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u5e76\u53c2\u9605\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[26] \u2474\u89c1\u5510\u6bb5\u516c\u8def\u7684\u300a\u5317\u6237\u5f55\u300b;\u2475\u89c1\u201c\u65e7\u9898\u4e1c\u65b9\u6714\u64b0\u201d\u7684\u300a\u795e\u5f02\u7ecf\u300b;\u2476\u89c1\u300a\u4e8b\u7269\u7ec0\u73e0\u300b\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6eaa\u9b3c\u866b\uff0c\u4f3c\u86e3\u8723\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4e00\u89d2\u957f\u5bf8\u4f59\u3002\u4f69\u5176\u89d2\uff0c\u8f9f\u6c34\u6bd2\u3002\u201d\u2477\u89c1\u674e\u77f3\u7684\u300a\u7eed\u535a\u7269\u5fd7\u300b\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6c5f\u6d59\u95f4\uff0c\u6709\u9e1f\u540d\u98de\u751f\u3002\u2026\u2026\u98de\u800c\u751f\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u968f\u6bcd\u540e\u3002\u4eba\u6709\u96be\u4ea7\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u722a\u5b89\u80f8\u524d\uff0c\u7acb\u9a8c\u3002\u4ea6\u6709\u5f97\u5176\u76ae\u8005\u3002\u201d\u2478\u89c1\u664b\u7a3d\u542b\u300a\u5357\u65b9\u8349\u6728\u72b6\u300b\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u60e0\u8349\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u85b0\u8349\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6c14\u5982\u863c\u829c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b62\u75a0\u3002\u201d\u2479\u89c1\u300a\u683c\u7269\u955c\u6e90\u300b\u6240\u5f15\u300a\u65b9\u4e66\u300b\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u9a6c\u8854\u94c1\u716e\u6c41\u670d\uff0c\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u75eb\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[27] \u6211\u4ece\u524d\u4e8e\u5c0f\u5ddd\u7422\u6cbb\u6c0f\u5bf9\u6b64\u7ecf\u4e2d\u836f\u7269\u7528\u6cd5\u4e4b\u201c\u670d\u201d\u5b57\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3(\u53c2\u770b\u300a\u652f\u90a3\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c305\u9875)\uff0c\u751a\u4f69\u5176\u7cbe\u5353\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7ec6\u8bfb\u90ed\u6c0f\u4f20\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5df2\u65e9\u53d1\u6b64\u4e49\u3002\u300a\u897f\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u201c\u6a50\u25a0\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u7740\u754f\u96f7\u201d\u6761\u6ce8\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u8457\u5176\u6bdb\u7fbd\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u754f\u5927\u96f7\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u670d\u5b57\uff0c\u975e\u5982\u540e\u4e16\u4e4b\u8bef\u4f5c\u201c\u996e\u98df\u201d\u89e3\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u201c\u8457\u670d\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6b64\u4e49\u4e0e\u201c\u4f69\u201d\u76f8\u8fd1;\u4e43\u53e4\u4ee3\u6cd5\u672f\u533b\u7684\u660e\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[28] \u300a\u795e\u519c\u672c\u8349\u7ecf\u300b\u59da\u9645\u6052\u6c0f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u521d\u4f5c\u4e8e\u4e1c\u6c49\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u4ee3\u591a\u6240\u589e\u76ca(\u6c0f\u7684\u300a\u53e4\u4eca\u4f2a\u4e66\u300b\u8003)\u3002\u656c\u6587\u6309\uff1a\u6b64\u4f2a\u7ecf\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u59cb\u4f5c\u4e8e\u4e1c\u6c49\uff0c\u56fa\u5c1a\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u4ea7\u751f\u671f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u8fc7\u65e9\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u65e0\u7591\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[29] \u65e5\u672c\u5927\u962a\u536b\u751f\u79d1\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u5c1d\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e8e\u8fd1\u757f\u5730\u65b9\u6240\u6d41\u4f20\u201c\u6c11\u95f4\u836f\u201d\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u9ed1\u70e731\u79cd\uff0c\u751f\u8089\u5176\u5b834\u79cd\uff0c\u517135\u79cd;\u690d\u7269\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u4e8c\u4e09\u767e\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e91\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e88\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u519c\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u591a\u53d6\u8d44\u4e8e\u690d\u7269\u7684\u65c1\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[30] \u90dd\u61ff\u884c\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u4eba\u4ee5\u7f8a\u8102\u7597\u76b1\u9887\u6709\u6548\u3002\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u4e61\u4e2d\uff0c\u51ac\u65e5\u591a\u4ee5\u725b\u8102\u6216\u9c7c\u818f\u6cbb\u4f53\u76b1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[31] \u7fac\u7f8a\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0a\u6761\u90dd\u6c0f\u6ce8\u3002\u8406\u8354\uff0c\u6c6a\u7ec2\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6b64\u4ea6\u662f\u5904\u6709\u4e4b\u3002\u4eca\u72b9\u6cbf\u7528\u6cbb\u5fc3\u75db\u3002\u85b0\u8349\uff0c\u8fd1\u65e5\u6c11\u95f4\u5c1a\u4fe1\u4e3a\u9664\u79fd\u5df2\u75a0\u4e4b\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[32] \u4f8b\u5982\u82f1\u5409\u5229\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u787c\u9178\u548c\u4e00\u79cd\u53d1\u9175\u7c89\u4f7f\u4e08\u592b\u5403\u4e86\u53ef\u81f4\u4e0d\u53d8\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5c24\u5bcc\u4e8e\u6b64\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u7a3d\u53d4\u591c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5408\u6b22\u6350\u5fff\uff0c\u8431\u8349\u5fd8\u5fe7\u201d\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u597d\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[33] \u4e0d\u8ff7\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3a\u201c\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8ff7\u60d1\u201d\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u6c6a\u7ec2\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u8a00\u670d\u5176\u82b1\uff0c\u80fd\u660e\u76ee\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u975e\u662f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[34] \u90dd\u6c0f\u5f15\u9ad8\u8bf1\u300a\u6dee\u5357\u7cbe\u795e\u8bad\u6ce8\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u52b3\uff0c\u5fe7\u4e5f\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[35] \u9a84\uff0c\u90ed\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6216\u4f5c\u9a9a\u3002\u9a9a\uff0c\u81ed\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u4e0d\u9a84\uff0c\u81ea\u4ea6\u6709\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f5c\u201c\u4e0d\u9a9a\u201d\u59cb\u901a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[36] \u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u9706\uff0c\u90ed\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u754f\u96f7\u9706\u9739\u96f3\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u5434\u4efb\u81e3\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u6309\uff1a\u300a\u5fa1\u89c8\u300b\u4f5c\u670d\u8005\u4e0d\u8fc1\u6012\u3002\u5218\u51e4\u300a\u7384\u89c8\u7bc7\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u670d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u754f\u9706\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[37] \u5c0f\u5ddd\u7422\u6cbb\u6c0f\u5df2\u9887\u53d1\u6b64\u8bba\uff0c\u53c8\u6708 \u51fa \u6708 \u51fa \uff0c\u517b\u4e4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5df2\u5fe7\u3002\u8fd1\u4eba\u90b5\u745e\u5f6d\u6c0f\uff0c\u7591\u201c\u517b\u201d\u4e3a\u201c\u98df\u201d\u4e4b\u8bef\u3002(\u89c1\u300a\u56fd\u5b66\u4e1b\u62a5\u300b\u7b2c1\u671f\u7b2c1\u518c)\uff0c\u54f8\u9887\u8fd1\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u672a\u5fc5\u7136\u4e5f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[38] \u4f8b\u5982\u8628\u8349\uff0c\u670d\u4e4b\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba(\u5927\u6982\u6307\u5987\u5973)\u88ab\u7231\u4e8e\u4eba\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002(\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8349\u6709\u6b64\u6548\u529b\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5927\u7ea6\u56e0\u5728\u5b83\u662f\u5929\u5e1d\u4e4b\u5973\u6240\u5316\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u5427\u3002)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[39] \u4f8b\u5982\u80a5\u9057\u53ef\u4ee5\u6740\u866b(\u300a\u897f\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b);\u5929\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fa1\u51f6(\u300a\u897f\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b);\u6c99\u68e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fa1\u6c34(\u300a\u897f\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b);\u8292\u8349\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd2\u9c7c(\u300a\u4e2d\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b);\u8291\u53ef\u670d\u9a6c(\u300a\u4e1c\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b)\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u9cdb\u9cdb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fa1\u706b(\u300a\u5317\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b)\uff0c\u975e\u9c7c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fa1\u5175(\u300a\u4e2d\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[40] \u5434\u4efb\u81e3\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u300a\u6c34\u7ecf\u6ce8\u300b\u5f15\u6b64\uff0c\u5deb\u771f\u4f5c\u5deb\u8d1e\uff0c\u5deb\u793c\u4f5c\u5deb\u5b54\u3002\u201d\u6768\u614e\u5747\u85bb\u4ea6\u4e91\uff0c\u5deb\u5b54\u4e3a\u5341\u5deb\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53c8\u300a\u540c\u59d3\u540d\u5f55\u300b(\u656c\u6587\u6309\uff1a\u660e\u4eba\u4f59\u5bc5\u8457)\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5f00\u660e\u6709\u5deb\u5c65\uff0c\u4e30\u6cae\u6709\u5deb\u793c\uff0c\u6050\u662f\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[41] \u6bb5\u6c0f\u201c\u5341\u5deb\u201d\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u9149\u9633\u6742\u4fce\u00b7\u8bfa\u7690\u8bb0\u300b\u4e0a\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u8352\u4e2d\u7075\u5c71\uff0c\u6709\u5341\u5deb\uff0c\u54b8\u66f0\u5373\u670c(\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u5e7f\u6ce8\u300b\u5f15\u4f5c\u76fc)\u3001\u5f6d\u3001\u59d1\u3001\u5177\u3001\u793c\u3001\u62b5\u3001\u8c22\u3001\u7f57\u3002(\u636e\u300a\u56db\u90e8\u4e1b\u520a\u300b\u5f71\u660e\u672c)\u3002\u6b64\u8bed\u4f3c\u6284\u88ad\u81ea\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u54b8\u66f0\u5f53\u4f5c\u66f0\u54b8\u3002\u53c8\u4f59\u6c0f\u300a\u540c\u59d3\u540d\u5f55\u300b\u7591\u300a\u6d77\u5185\u897f\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0e\u300a\u5927\u8352\u897f\u7ecf\u300b\u6709\u4e24\u5deb\u54b8\uff0c\u4e24\u5deb\u62b5\u4e3a\u975e\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53e0\u89c1\u800c\u5404\u5904\u4e00\u5c71\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4f59\u6c0f\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u6b64\u79cd\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u975e\u4e00\u4eba\u6240\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e14\u6240\u6839\u636e\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u6765\u6e90\u800c\u8bed\u7565\u5f02\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u8bf4\u201d\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[42] \u89c1\u7f57\u6c0f\u300a\u8def\u53f2\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[43] \u89c1\u300a\u5f52\u85cf\u300b(\u300a\u7ecf\u5178\u96c6\u6797\u300b\u8f91\u6587)\u3001\u300a\u5357\u534e\u9038\u7bc7\u300b(\u5434\u6c0f\u5f15)\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[44] \u4e5f\u8bb8\u6709\u4eba\u8981\u8bf4\uff0c\u5deb\u5f6d\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5deb\u533b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u300a\u5415\u6c0f\u6625\u79cb\u300b\u7b49\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5374\u4e0e\u4f5c\u201c\u5deb\u201d\u7684\u5deb\u54b8\u5206\u4e3e\u5462?\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5415\u6c0f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u524d\u4ee3\u6240\u6d41\u4f20\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u65f6\u4ee3\u65e2\u8fdc\uff0c\u60c5\u5f62\u81ea\u8d8b\u9694\u9602;\u4e8e\u662f\u6240\u4f20\u6240\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u96be\u514d\u53d8\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u9762\u76ee\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f83\u53e4\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5deb\u5f6d\u7684\u6587\u4e66\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u53ea\u6cdb\u8a00\u4ed6\u201c\u4f5c\u533b\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u7167\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5148\u53f2\u65f6\u4ee3(Pre-historic Age)\u7684\u533b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u4e3a\u5deb\u4eba\u6240\u4e3b\u6301\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u89c2\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u5316\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91ce\u86ee\u90e8\u65cf\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u786e\u5207\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u3002\u5deb\u5f6d\u7b49\u4e4b\u4e3a\u521d\u53e4\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u5927\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2a\u5deb\u533b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u600e\u6837\u6b66\u65ad\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[45] \u4f8b\u5982\u82cf\u5b50\u77bb\u300a\u6f6e\u5dde\u97e9\u6587\u516c\u5e99\u7891\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u8bb4\u541f\u4e0b\u62db\u9057\u5deb\u9633\u201d;\u738b\u4e16\u8d1e\u300a\u633d\u6b4c\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u4ef0\u95ee\u5deb\u9633\u5e08\uff0c\u5b89\u80fd\u4e3a\u6211\u6743\u3002\u201d\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[46] \u89c1\u300a\u8def\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u636e\u5434\u6c0f\u5f15\uff0c\u6587\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u9ec4\u5e1d\u547d\u5deb\u9633\u4e3b\u7b6e\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[47] \u300a\u62db\u9b42\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5e1d\u544a\u5deb\u9633\u66f0\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u6b32\u8f85\u4e4b\u3002\u9b42\u9b44\u79bb\u6563\uff0c\u6c5d\u7b6e\u5e8f\u4e4b\u3002\u5deb\u9633\u5bf9\u66f0\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u82e5\u5fc5\u7b6e\u4e88\u4e4b\uff0c\u6050\u540e\u4e4b\u8c22\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u590d\u7528\u5deb\u9633\u7109\u3002\u4e43\u4e0b\u62db\u66f0\u2026\u2026\u201d\u7531\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u770b\uff0c\u5deb\u9633\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5deb\u533b\u5341\u5206\u4e86\u7136\u3002\u76d6\u8bb8\u591a\u91ce\u86ee\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u5176\u5deb\u5e08\u6cbb\u75c5\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5148\u535c\u7b6e(\u6216\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5)\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u5176\u75c5\u56e0(\u4f8b\u5982\u7075\u9b42\u88ab\u4eba\u6444\u53bb\uff0c\u6216\u9b54\u9b3c\u4f5c\u795f\u7b49)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u6cd5\u672f\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e4b\u3002\u5982\u5deb\u9633\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b63\u4e0e\u6b64\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[48] \u6211\u9887\u7591\u5fc3\u5deb\u54b8\u3001\u5deb\u5f6d\u3001\u5deb\u9633\u3001\u5deb\u59a8(\u6216\u4f5c\u65b9)\u7b49\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4eba\u6216\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f46\u540c\u4e0e\u5deb\u533b\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u4e5f\u76f8\u8fd1\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u662f\u5f88\u5e73\u5e38\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[49] \u90ed\u6c0f\u8bed\u867d\u4e0d\u8db3\u5c3d\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u6709\u53ef\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u53c8\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5deb\u5c71\u201d\u8005\uff0c\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u9887\u4e0d\u4e00\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[50] \u672c\u7ecf\u6587\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u6570\u8bed\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u8365\u5c71\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u9ed1\u6c34\u4e4b\u5357\uff0c\u6709\u7384\u86c7\u98df\u5c18\u3002\u201d\u5176\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7384\u86c7\u201d\u6050\u4e0e\u672c\u6761\u7684\u53f8\u6b64\u7384\u86c7\u7684\u201c\u7384\u86c7\u201d\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[51] \uff0c\u6d82\uff0c\u5434\u6c0f\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u300a\u5916\u5eb5\u5916\u96c6\u300b\u4f5c \u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[52] \u4e0a\u6761\u89c1\u300a\u5927\u8352\u5357\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u672c\u6761\u89c1\u300a\u5927\u8352\u897f\u7ecf\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[53] \u89c1\u300a\u8840\u6c14\u5f62\u5fd7\u7bc7\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[54] \u738b\u3001\u9a6c\u4e8c\u5bb6\u4e4b\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u91ca\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b\u539f\u8bed\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u770b\uff0c\u9a6c\u8bf4\u4f3c\u8f83\u59a5\u5f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[55] \u53c2\u770b\u300a\u5f02\u6cd5\u65b9\u5b9c\u8bba\u300b\u7bc7\u3001\u300a\u4e5d\u937c\u5341\u4e8c\u539f\u300b\u7bc7\u3001\u300a\u8840\u6c14\u5f62\u5fd7\u300b\u7bc7(\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b)\uff0c\u300a\u7389\u7248\u7bc7\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5b98\u80fd\u7bc7\u300b(\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300a\u7075\u67a2\u300b)\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[56] \u4ece\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5148\u53f2\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ee5\u517d\u9aa8\u548c\u77f3\u5236\u4f5c\u937c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u4f55\u7a00\u5947\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[57] \u5357\u671d\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u738b\u50e7\u5112\u5bf9\u91d1\u5143\u8d77\u5df2\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u53e4\u4eba\u5f53\u4ee5\u77f3\u4e3a\u9488\u3002\u300a\u4e1c\u5c71\u7ecf\u300b\u9ad8\u6c0f\u4e4b\u5c71\u591a\u9488\u77f3\u3002\u749e\u4e91\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u782d\u9488\u3002\u5b63\u4e16\u65e0\u5609\u77f3\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u94c1\u4ee3\u4e4b\u8033\u3002\u201d(\u300a\u5357\u53f2\u00b7\u738b\u50e7\u5112\u4f20\u300b)\u53e4\u4ee3\u4ee5\u77f3\u4e3a\u9488\u7684\u63e3\u60f3\u751a\u662f;\u4f46\u5176\u4ee3\u4ee5\u77f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7531\u4e8e\u5b63\u4e16\u65e0\u5609\u77f3\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u5fc5\u7136\u5427\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[58] \u89c1\u8fd1\u4eba\u7f16\u8ff0\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\u782d\u77f3\u6761\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[59] \u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u77f3\u4e3a\u937c\uff0c\u6050\u4e0d\u80fd\u78e8\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u7ea4\u7ec6(\u81ea\u7136\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u5e7c\u7a1a\u4e4b\u6545)\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e4b\u6613\u4e8e\u5236\u6210\u5c0f\u4ef6\u3002\u53c8\u5982\uff0c\u56e0\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7531\u7c97\u7565\u800c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u90fd\u6015\u4e8e\u540e\u6765\u201c\u782d\u201d\u3001\u201c \u937c\u201d\u5206\u7528\u4e4b\u6545\u5f88\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u201c\u782d\u9488\u201d\u6216\u8bef\u4f5c\u201c\u7825\u9488\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u4f9d\u6bd5\u6c85\u7b49\u5f15\u300a\u5357\u53f2\u300b\u6539\u6b63\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[60]\u89c1\u300a\u5f02\u6cd5\u65b9\u5b9c\u8bba\u300b\u7bc7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[61] \u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7075\u67a2\u300b\u7b49\u867d\u6258\u540d\u9ec4\u5e1d\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e66\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5fc5\u5728\u201c\u9634\u9633\u8bf4\u201d\u7b49\u98ce\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u59da\u9645\u6052\u6c0f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u79e6\u6c49\u4eba\u6240\u4f5c\u3002\u7136\u5426\u56fa\u5f85\u7ec6\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u975e\u8fdc\u53e4\u4e4b\u4e66\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u7684\u3002\u300a\u5c71\u6d77\u7ecf\u300b\u65e2\u975e\u590f\u65f6\u4e66\uff0c\u4e14\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u975e\u4e00\u4ee3(\u8be6\u89c1\u62d9\u4f5c\u8bba\u6b64\u7ecf\u8457\u4f5c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7bc7)\u3002\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u6700\u65e9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f53\u5199\u5728\u300a\u7d20\u95ee\u300b\u7b49\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6284\u88ad\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u7edd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd;\u4f46\u4ece\u4e24\u8005\u6587\u8bed\u95f4\u6bd4\u770b\uff0c\u4f3c\u65e0\u600e\u6837\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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